According to the 2020 White Paper on Information and Communications in Japan (published by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications), Japan has been identified as a country with advanced challenges. The country began to experience a declining population and aging society prompted by a falling birthrate sooner than other countries, while also facing the increasing concentration of its population in urban centers. In recent years, various issues have become apparent. In urban areas, daily traffic jams and congestion have caused extended traveling and commuting times and other problems that lead to social losses. Meanwhile, there has been an increase in areas in rural Japan where there is no public transportation due to reduced and discontinued public transportation services such as trains and buses. As a result, freedom of mobility in everyday life is limited for people who have difficulty using private vehicles as their main means of transport. As measures to effectively cater to such mobility needs of local communities with different characteristics and issues, expectations are running high for Mobility as a Service (MaaS)* frameworks. Amid ongoing discussions nationwide about MaaS in Japan, the automotive industry is striving to develop related technologies and create mobility service systems.
*Mobility as a Service: An integrated transport service of search, reservation, payment, etc. that optimally combines multiple public transportation and other travel services in response to the travel needs of each local resident or traveler on a trip-by-trip basis.